光固化3D打印与传统涂膜法制备聚酰亚胺的摩擦学性能比较研究

为研究光固化3D打印成形技术及其材料配方对光敏聚酰亚胺摩擦学性能的影响,分别采用光固化3D打印技术和传统涂膜成形对比评价了几种光敏型和热固型聚酰亚胺的摩擦学性能、热稳定性及机械性能等. 研究表明:为适应光固化3D打印成形需要而加入的活性稀释剂和交联剂对光敏聚酰亚胺的机械性能具有提升作用,但削弱了减摩抗磨和耐热性能;相较于涂膜成形的热固性聚酰亚胺,3D打印样品的耐热性能降低,摩擦系数升高了0.08,磨损率增加了9×10?6 mm3/(N·m). 尽管光固化3D打印聚酰亚胺的减摩抗磨性能低于热固成形聚酰亚胺,但基于光固化3D打印技术的一体成型、高精度和自由制造等诸多优势,对实现高性能及复杂结构精密润滑器件的一体化智能制造具有重要的工程意义.      

MnO_2/NiCo_2O_4的静电自组装合成及其电化学性能

通过带负电荷的MnO2纳米片与带正电荷的Co-Ni层状双氢氧化物(LDHs)纳米片的静电自组装外加后续热处理合成了异质层状结构的MnO2/NiCo2O4复合物.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱、拉曼光谱、原子吸收光谱(AAS)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对其结构和形貌进行了表征.用循环伏安(CV)、恒流充放电和电化学交流阻抗技术对其电化学性能进行了测试.研究结果表明,该方法制得的异质复合物具有多孔层状堆垛结构,这种特殊的结构不仅增大了电解液离子的接触面积,而且还为其嵌入-脱出提供了有效途径.该复合物在1 A·g-1电流密度时,-0.6-0.45 V电位窗口内的比电容达482 F·g-1,优于纯组分MnO2和NiCo2O4的电容性能.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶和奶粉中6种聚醚类抗生素残留量

建立了用于检测牛奶和奶粉中拉沙洛菌素、莫能菌素、尼日利亚菌素、盐霉素、甲基盐霉素和马杜霉素铵6种聚醚类抗生素残留量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法.用乙腈提取样品中的聚醚类抗生素,提取液经HLB固相萃取柱净化,采用超高效液相色谱分离,以电喷雾离子源正离子多反应监测模式进行质谱分析.6种抗生素在0.5～100.0 μg/L范围内均呈线性,相关系数r>0.99.在空白样品中添加6种聚醚类抗生素的回收率均在74.0%～98.5%之间; 精密度(RSD)4.8%～17.2%.牛奶中6种聚醚类抗生素检出限均为0.2 μg/L;奶粉中6种聚醚类抗生素检出限均为1.6 μg/kg.     

Silver-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling of α-keto acids with alkenes giving approach to chalcones

A silver-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling of α-keto acids with alkenes is reported. The method, with a wide range of substrate tolerance and mild operational conditions, can produce various chalcone derivatives in moderate to high yields from easily available starting materials.     

Desulfinylative Pd-catalyzed coupling reaction of arenediazonium salt with aryl sulfinates to give unsymmetrical biaryls

An efficient route for the synthesis of unsymmetrical biaryls was developed via palladium catalyzed reaction of arenediazonium salts and aryl sulfinates under inert atmosphere. This synthesis involves cascade processes. Tetrabutylammonium iodide was used as an iodide source for in situ formation of aryl iodide, followed by desulfinylative cross-coupling reaction between aryl sulfinates and aryl iodides. A wide range of biaryls were selectively prepared in one pot from simple substrates in good to excellent yields.     

一种基于小波分析的唐卡图像划痕检测

唐卡图像在其保存和搬运过程中较易出现细微的划痕,针对所出现的垂直(水平)划痕进行了自动检测算法研究。垂直(水平)划痕实质上属于特殊的边缘,首先利用该特性采用小波模极大值描述图像中目标的多尺度边界;然后再通过投影变换放大划痕中心的亮度极值特性,并基于多尺度突变点检测找到划痕的位置;最终采用标注联通分量、设置高度和宽度约束得到划痕的掩膜。实验结果表明,利用该方法取得了较好的检测效果。     

Meshless method with ridge basis functions

Meshless collocation methods for the numerical solutions of PDEs are increasingly adopted due to their advantages including efficiency and flexibility, and radial basis functions are popularly employed to represent the solutions of PDEs. Motivated by the advantages of ridge basis function representation of a given function, such as the connection to neural network, fast convergence as the number of terms is increased, better approximation effects and various applications in engineering problems, a meshless method is developed based on the collocation method and ridge basis function interpolation. This method is a truly meshless technique without mesh discretization: it neither needs the computation of integrals, nor requires a partition of the region and its boundary. Moreover, the method is applied to elliptic equations to examine its appropriateness, numerical results are compared to that obtained from other (meshless) methods, and influence factors of accuracy for numerical solutions are analyzed.     

Photoelectron spectra of metal-containing molecules with resolutions better than 1 meV

This article describes the applications of zero electron kinetic energy, ZEKE, photoelectron technique to metal-containing molecules. Examples include vanadium dimer, metal trimer compounds (Nb₃O, Nb₃C₂, Nb₃N₂, Zr₃O, and Y₃C₂), and metal atom-molecule complexes (InNH₃, AlNH₃, ZrO(CH₃)₂, and YO(CH₃)₂). The bond length of vanadium dimer cation has been determined from the rotationally resolved spectra with a resolution of 1.5 cm⁻¹, or 0.19 meV. The geometric conformations and electronic states of the clusters and complexes have been identified by combining the vibrationally resolved spectra and Franck–Condon factor calculations. The vibrational spectra have linewidths of 4–8 cm⁻¹.     

关于多重联图的均匀全染色

对一个正常的全染色满足各种颜色所染元素数(点或边)相差不超过1时,称为均匀全染色,其所用最少染色数称为均匀全色数．本文证明了关于多重联图的若干情况下的均匀全色数定理,得到了若干特殊多重联图的均匀全色数．